Apparatus for analyzing by heat of reaction



' J. C. BOERTLEIN BY HEAT OF REACTION' APPARATUS FOR ANALYZING 4FiledMarch l, 1924 @Tlf ///////////////////ll/ll//l//////////// atto: mz 13A.

Patented Aug. 3, 1926.

` v d 1,594,593 I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE."

JOHN C. BOERTLEIN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE GRASSELLICHEMICAL COMPANY, OIE CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

APPARATUS FOR ANALYZING B Y HEAT OF lREACTION.

Application filed March 1,1924. Serial No. 696,301.

In an article published in the Journal of the Society of ChemicalIndustry, volume 29, 1910, page 3l and following, there is described amethod for the quantitative analysis of chemical products, such assulfuric acid or oleum, by causing the same to react with some othermaterial or reagent, such as' water or dilute sulfuric acid, measuringthe resulting heat of reaction and determining therefrom the compositionof the chemical product.

An apparatus capable of carrying out analyses of this type is disclosedin an ap` plication in the name of Henry Howard, filed March 1, 1924,Ser. No. 696,274. Said apparatus comprises reservoirs for the chemicalproduct and the reagent with overflows for maintaining constant levelstherein, dippers mounted to rotate and dip into the reservoirs anddeliver measured quantities of the two liquids into receptacles in whichthe average temperature of the two liquids is measured, and means formixing the two liquids and measuring the temperature of the mixture. Thedifference between the equalizing temperature of the two liquids landthe temperature of the mixtureis a measure of the heat of reaction, asis apparent from the publication referred to-and as is explained in theapplication referred to, by the use of resistance thermometers and agalvanometer and a suitably calibrated scale may be made to indicate thecomposition of the chemical product directly.

The present invention relates to a modified form of apparatus capable ofperforming the same functions.

In the drawing the single figure is a vertical elevational view withparts in section of the apparatus. Referring to the drawing, 1 is abasin having a suitable base or legs and provided on its upper'edge witha groove containing a cushion or gasket 2 upon which rests thetubular'case 3. The plate 4 closes the upper end of the case, both theplate 4 and the case 3 being held in place upon the basin 1 by means ofbolts 5. Within the case 3 and resting also upon the upper edge of thebasin 1 is a sta-nd or supporting structure 6. A.Dewar flask issupported in thebasin 1 in any suitableimanner, for instance in anestnot illustrated. The stand -6 supports two cylindrical receptacles 8and '97' provided `with Asurrotmding channels 10 and'll having sp'outs12 and 13 for catching liquid overflowing therefrom and delivering thesame into the funnel 14 which in turn empties into the basin 1 fromwhich liquid flows through the pipe 15 to waste.

In the bottoms of the receptacles and 9 are orifices 16 and 17surrounded by -up wardly extending peripheral walls 18 and 19 anddownwardly extending peripheral walls 20 and 21. The walls 16 and 17provide sediment traps in the bottoms 0f the receptacles, while. thewalls 20 and 21 extend through openings in the stand 6 `into the twobranches 22 and 23 of a Y-shaped tube, the third branch 24 of whichextends into the Dewar flask 7. A thermometer 25 is supported by theplate 4, extending therethrough into the Dewar flask 7. The plate 4 alsosupports the supply pipes 26 and 27 which deliver into the receptacles 8and,9,

respectively. Atthg,` upper ends of the sup ply 4pipes 26 and 27 areT-connections 28 and 29 into the lateral openings of which are connectedthe feed pipes 30 and 31 and in the upper openings of which aresupported.

in any suitable manner, not illustrated, the thermometers 32 ,a'nd 33which extend downwardly through the supply pipes 26 and 27 into thereceptacles 8 and The apparatus operatcsas follows, assuming forconvenience that the chemical product to be analyzed is oleumtand thereagent is sulfuric acid solution, hereafter called. test acid,containing sufficient free water to hy- Idrate the free S103 in theoleum.-

oleum and test acid in the receptacles 8.

and 9. The oleum and testacid are supplied to the receptacles 8 and 9 atrates suficient to maintain them full to overflowing,

thus maintaining constant heads of the liquids on the orifices 16 and17, asa result of which substantially constant amounts of the oleum andtestacid are delivered throu h the orificesand branches 22 and 23 of t eV' i Y-shaped tube into the branch 24 in 'which the two liquids vmix.The mixture flows through the branch 24 into the Dewar flask `7 in whichthe temperature of the mixtureis measured by thermometer 25. Theoverflow from the Dewar flask as well as the vmainder of the apparatusof glass. evident the apparatus is orv simple andinoverlow fromlthe-.receptacles 8 and 9 is collected in the basin 1 and flows towaste' ence indicated by the two thermometers 32` and 33 and thethermometer 25 may be made to indicate the analysis of the oleum.

The apparatus may be made of any suitable materials, for instance, ifoleum is to be tested, the basin 1 and cover plate 4 may be made of castiron or steel and th res is expensive construction and is free of movingparts.

1. Apparatus for the continuous analysis of chemical 1productscomprising a receptacle for aA c emical product and a second receptacleforI a reagent capable of reacting with said chemical product to producea sensible heat change, means for measuring the equalizing temperatureof the chemical product and the reagent in said receptacles, means forcontinuously delivering constant flows of said chemical product and saidreagent from said receptacles into a third receptacle, and means formeasuring the temperature of the resulting mixture in said thirdreceptacle.

2. Apparatus for the continuous analysis of chemical roducts comprisingtwo receptacles provi ed with overflows, means for supplying saidreceptacles with a chemical product and a reagent respectively, orificesin said receptacles, means for delivering the chemical roduct and 3.Apparatus for the continuous analysis of chemical products as defined inclaim 2 in which a thermometer is positioned ineach y of saidreceptacles.

4. Apparatus for the continuous analysis of chemical products comprisingtwo receptacles each provided with an overflow at the top and an'orifice at the bottom, means for delivering a chemical product and areagent into said two receptacles respectivelly, a Y- sha ed tubepositioned to receive c emical pro uct and reagent delivered by saidorices andto deliver the same into a third receptacle, and means Aformeasuring the tem.

peratures in said receptacles.

In testimony whereof, I alix my signature.

JOHN C. BOERTLEIN.v

reagent lowing through said orifices into a third receptacle.

